NEHRP Clearinghouse
- Title
- Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures: Part 1. Bridges, and Part 2. Retaining Structures, Slopes, Tunnels, Culverts and Roadways.
- Author(s)
- Buckle, I. G.; Friedland, I. M.; Power, M.; Fishman, K.
- Source
- Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC.; National Science Foundation, Washington, DC., April 2008,
- Identifying Number(s)
- MCEER-08-SP02-CD
- Abstract
- The Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures is a major revision of the Federal Highway Administration publication 'Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Bridges', which was published in 1995 as report FHWA/RD-94-052. This edition expands the previous publication by including procedures for evaluating and retrofitting retaining structures, slopes, tunnels, culverts, and pavements, in addition to bridges. Whereas Part 1 maintains the basic format of the retrofitting process described in the 1995 report, major changes have been made to include current advances in earthquake engineering, field experience with retrofitting highway bridges, and the performance of bridges in recent earthquakes in California and elsewhere. Part 1 comprises 11 chapters and six appendices. Chapter 1 gives a completed overview of the retrofitting process, including the philosophy of performance-based retrofitting, characterization of seismic and geotechnical hazards, assignment of Seismic Retrofit Categories, and summaries of recommended screening methods, evaluation tools, and retrofit strategies. Chapter 2 and 3 describe the characterization of seismic and geotechnical hazards. Chapter 4 presents two screening and prioritization methods, with examples of each method. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 describe six evaluation methods for the detailed assessment of demand and capacity. Chapters 8, 9, 10 and 11 describe retrofitting measures for bearings, seats, columns, piers, cap beams, column-to-cap joints, abutments, and foundations. Remedial techniques for hazardous sites are also addressed. Appendices A through D provide supplementary material on conducting site-specific geotechnical investigations, the evaluation of geotechnical hazards, fragility curve theory, and the calculation of capacity/demand ratios for bridge components. Appendices E and F present two examples illustrating the application of the component capacity/demand method to multi-span concrete and steel highway bridges. Part 2 focuses on seismic vulnerability screening, evaluation and retrofitting of the following highway system components: retaining structures, slopes, tunnels, culverts, and pavements. It is the first known effort to capture, in a formal and consistent manner, the important aspects of seismic performance and retrofitting intended to improve performance of highway system structural components other than bridges.
- Keywords
- Seismic design; Bridges (Structures); Pavements; Retrofitting; Retaining structures; Culverts; Roadways; Earthquake engineering; CD-ROM; Highway bridges; Tunnels; Slopes; MCEER (Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research)