NEHRP Clearinghouse
- Title
- Evaluation of Seismic Serviceability of Water Supply Networks with Application to the San Franciso Auxiliary Water Supply System.
- File
- PB94204013.pdf
- Author(s)
- Markov, I.; Grigoriu, M.; O'Rourke, T.
- Source
- National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, NY.; National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA.; New York State Science and Technology Foundation, Albany., January 21, 1994, 142 p.
- Abstract
- A new method is presented for estimating the serviceability of water networks damaged during earthquakes. Several measures are developed for evaluating the serviceability. These seismic serviceability measures are random variables that depend on uncertain parameters such as seismic intensity, water supply, system damage state, and water demand. The determination of the proposed serviceability measures involves hydraulic analyses of water supply systems in various damage states. Commercially available softwares for hydraulic analysis are configured for intact networks and can not be used reliably for heavily damaged and leaking systems. A computer code is developed for the hydraulic analysis of damaged water supply systems. The code eliminates those portions of the network which have negative pressures, and predicts the available flow and pressure at the demand nodes. The hydraulic analysis also accounts for the dependence of C-factors, which represents internal pipe roughness, on the pipe diameter. This dependence is validated by fire flow tests performed in San Francisco. The code has capabilities of simulating a seismic network performance with the uncertain parameters. The serviceability measures and the proposed algorithm for hydraulic analysis are applied to evaluate the seismic serviceability of the Auxiliary Water Supply System in San Francisco.
- Keywords
- Potable water; Earthquake resistant structures; Flow equations; Serviceability; Algorithms; Earthquake damage; Water flow; Earthquake engineering; Regression analysis; Water supplies; San Francisco (California); Seismic effects; Hydraulics; Pipelines; Earthquakes